On this page I'll provide comprehensive data for Scandium. I hope you profit from it.
Scandium Overview
Name Origin
Latin: Scandia, Scandinavia.
Symbol
Sc (Scandium)Description
Fairly soft, silvery-white metal. Eighth most abundant 'rare earth' found in the earth's crust (5.0 ppm).
Discovery
Discovered By: Lars Nilson
Year: 1879
Location: Sweden
Sources
Occurs mainly in the minerals thortveitile (~34% scandium) and wiikite. Also in some tin and tungsten ores. Pure scandium is obtained as a by-product of uranium refining.
Uses
Scandium metal is used in some aerospace applications. Scandum oxide (Sc2O3) is used in the manufacture of high-intensity electric lamps. Scandium iodide (ScI3) is used in lamps that produce light having a color closely matching natural sunlight.
State at 20 °C
Solid
Group
Group Name: Transition MetalÂ
Group in periodic table: 3b
Period in periodic table:Â 4
Atomic Number
21Learn more about the atomic number.
Atomic Mass
44,95591
Learn more about the atomic mass.
Stable Isotopes
Sc45 percent abundance: 100%
Learn more about stable isotopes.
Radioactive Isotopes
Sc43-44, Sc46-50
Learn more about radioactive isotopes.
Atomic Structure
Crystalline Structure
Hexagonal
Learn more about crystalline structure
Shells
Electrons per energy level: 2,8,9,2
Learn more about electron shells
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4 s2 3 d1
Learn more about electron configuration.
Abbreviated Configuration
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
Learn more about abbreviated electron configuration.
Valence Electrons
3
Learn more about valence electrons
Atom Size
Atomic Radius
2.09 Ã…
Learn more about atomic radius.
Covalent Radius
1.44 Ã…
Learn more about covalent radius.
Ionic Radius
.75 (+3) Ã…
Learn more about ionic radius.
Molar Volume
15.0 cm³/mol
Learn more about molar volume.
Chemical Properties
Common Oxidation States
First Ionization Energy
First Ionization Potential
Second Ionization Potential
Third Ionization Potential
Physical Properties
Density
Electrical Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Elastic Modulus
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Learn more about coefficient of thermal expansion.
Heat Properties
Other heat related physical properties:
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Specific Heat
0.6 J/gK
Learn more about specific heat.
Learn more about specific heat.
Heat of Fusion
14.10 kJ/mol
Learn more about heat of fusion.
Heat of Vaporization
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Along with basic element information, it also comes with color coded info about: State (Gas, Liquid or Solid at room temperature), Groups/series details and much more...
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