According to wikipedia…
Isotopes are two or more types of atoms that have the same atomic number (number of protons in their nuclei) and position in the periodic table (and hence belong to the same chemical element), and that differ in nucleon numbers (mass numbers) due to different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei. While all isotopes of a given element have almost the same chemical properties, they have different ato...
Table of contents
- What are isotopes
- Who discovered isotopes
- What do isotopes have in common
- How are isotopes created
- How are isotopes used in agriculture
- How are isotopes used in biology
- How are isotopes used in carbon dating
- How can isotopes be used in medicine
- How do isotopes of a given element differ
- How many isotopes can an element have
- How to calculate the abundance of isotopes
- How to write atomic symbol for isotopes
- Isotopes and atomic mass
- Isotopes formula
- Isotopes vs atoms
- Isotopes vs ions
- How do isotopes become stable
- What makes isotopes radioactive
What are Isotopes
An isotope is one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table and nearly identical chemical behavior but with different atomic masses and physical properties.
Every chemical element has one or more isotopes.
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Who Discovered Isotopes
Radiochemist Frederick Soddy
The existence of isotopes was first suggested in 1913 by the radiochemist Frederick Soddy, based on studies of radioactive decay chains that indicated about 40 different species referred to as radioelements (i.e. radioactive elements) between uranium and lead, although the periodic table only allowed for 11 elements .
What do Isotopes Have In Common
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons and electrons.
Isotopes are members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
The number of protons in a nucleus determines the element's atomic number on the Periodic Table.
How are Isotopes Created
Changing the number of neutrons in an atom.
Isotopes are formed by changing the number of neutrons in an atom.
Sometimes, the isotopes are used for different things.
Carbon-12 is the pure form, C-13 is used in spectroscopy, and C-14 is used in dating.
Through radioactive decay of a nucleus
Isotopes can either form spontaneously (naturally) through radioactive decay of a nucleus (i.e., emission of energy in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, neutrons, and photons) or artificially by bombarding a stable nucleus with charged particles via accelerators or neutrons in a nuclear reactor.
How are Isotopes Used In Agriculture
Food irradiation.
Food and Agriculture Certain isotopes, called radioisotopes, can be used to help understand chemical and biological processes in plants.
In the field of food preservation, food irradiation is used.
This process is a method of treating food that makes it safer to eat and makes it have a longer shelf life.
How are Isotopes Used In Biology
Calculate the ages of older fossils.
Isotopes are variations of chemical elements containing different numbers of neutrons.
Because isotopes are recognizable, they provide an efficient way to track biological processes during experimentation.
How are Isotopes Used In Carbon Dating
By comparing the three different isotopes of carbon
Radiocarbon dating works by comparing the three different isotopes of carbon.
Isotopes of a particular element have the same number of protons in their nucleus, but different numbers of neutrons.
This means that although they are very similar chemically, they have different masses.
How can Isotopes Be Used In Medicine
Diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Nuclear medicine uses radioactive isotopes in a variety of ways.
One of the more common uses is as a tracer in which a radioisotope, such as technetium-99m, is taken orally or is injected or is inhaled into the body.
Therapeutic applications of radioisotopes typically are intended to destroy the targeted cells.
How can Isotopes Of A Given Element Differ
A different number of neutrons giving each elemental isotope a different atomic weight
An isotope is one of two or more forms of the same chemical element.
Different isotopes of an element have the same number of protons in the nucleus, giving them the same atomic number, but a different number of neutrons giving each elemental isotope a different atomic weight.
How Many Isotopes Element Have
There are 254 known stable isotopes and 80 elements which have at least one stable isotope.
Twenty-six elements only have one stable isotope.
These elements are called monoisotopic.
How to Calculate The Abundance Of Isotopes
How to Calculate the Percent Abundance of an Isotope.
Step 1: Find the Average Atomic Mass.
Identify the atomic mass of the element from your isotopic abundance problem on.
Step 2: Set Up the Relative Abundance Problem.
Example problem: If the masses of one isotope of nitrogen, nitrogen-14,.
Step 3: Solve for x to Get the Relative Abundance of the Unknown Isotope.
x + (1 – x) = 1
The equation can be set up as a percent or as a decimal.
As a percent, the equation would be: (x) + (100-x) = 100, where the 100 designates the total percent in nature.
If you set the equation as a decimal, this means the abundance would be equal to 1.
The equation would then become: x + (1 – x) = 1.
How to Write Atomic Symbol For Isotopes
Place the atomic number as a subscript and the mass number (protons plus neutrons) as a superscript to the left of the atomic symbol
To write the symbol for an isotope, place the atomic number as a subscript and the mass number (protons plus neutrons) as a superscript to the left of the atomic symbol.
The symbols for the two naturally occurring isotopes of chlorine are written as follows: 3517Cl and 3717Cl.
Isotopes and atomic mass
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
It is usual to characterize different isotopes by giving the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus—a quantity called the atomic mass number.
In the above example, the first atom would be called carbon-12 or 12C (because it has six protons and six neutrons), while the second would be carbon-14 or 14C.
Isotopes vs atoms
Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.
Isotopes are atoms with different atomic masses which have the same atomic number.
The atoms of different isotopes are atoms of the same chemical element; they differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
Isotopes vs ions
Isotopes are different atoms of the same element.
Isotopes are versions of a particular element that have different numbers of neutrons.
Ions are atoms (or molecules) that have lost or gained electrons and have an electrical charge.
Isotopes involve neutrons.
If there is a negative or a positive sign after the element symbol(s) it is an ion.
How do Isotopes Become Stable
Emitting alpha particles, beta particles, positrons, or gamma rays.
Most isotopes become stable by emitting alpha particles, beta particles, positrons, or gamma rays. A few become stable by electron capture or by spontaneous fission. GAMMA RAYS: It can release this excess energy by emitting gamma rays.
What makes isotopes radioactive
Emitting radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays.
A radioactive isotope is any of several species of the same chemical element with different masses whose nuclei are unstable and dissipate excess energy by spontaneously emitting radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays.
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