On this page I'll provide comprehensive data for Potassium. I hope you profit from it.
Potassium Overview
Name Origin
English: pot ash; symbol from Latin: kalium, (alkali).
Symbol
K (Potassium)Description
Soft, waxy, silver-white metal. Eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust (20,900 ppm). Occurs only in compounds.
Discovery
Discovered By: Sir Humphrey Davy
Year: 1807
Location: England
Sources
Found in minerals like carnallite [(KMgCl3).6H2O] & sylvite (potassium chloride, KCL). Pure metal is produced by the reaction of hot potassium chloride and sodium vapors in a special retort.
Uses
Used as potash in making glass & soap. Also as saltpeter, potassium nitrate (KNO3) to make explosives and to color fireworks in mauve. Formerly called kalium (K). Vital to function of nerve and muscle tissures.
State at 20 °C
Solid
Group
Group Name: Alkali Metal
Group in periodic table: 1a
Period in periodic table: 4
Atomic Number
19Learn more about the atomic number.
Atomic Mass
39,0983
Learn more about the atomic mass.
Stable Isotopes
K39 percent abundance: 93.26% K41 percent abundance: 6.7%
Learn more about stable isotopes.
Radioactive Isotopes
K37-38, K40, K42-49
Learn more about radioactive isotopes.
Atomic Structure
Crystalline Structure
Cubic: Body centered
Learn more about crystalline structure
Shells
Electrons per energy level: 2,8,8,1
Learn more about electron shells
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4 s1
Learn more about electron configuration.
Abbreviated Configuration
[Ar] 4s1
Learn more about abbreviated electron configuration.
Valence Electrons
1
Learn more about valence electrons
Atom Size
Atomic Radius
2.77 Ã…
Learn more about atomic radius.
Covalent Radius
2.03 Ã…
Learn more about covalent radius.
Ionic Radius
1.51 (+1) Ã…
Learn more about ionic radius.
Molar Volume
45.46 cm³/mol
Learn more about molar volume.
Chemical Properties
Common Oxidation States
First Ionization Energy
First Ionization Potential
Second Ionization Potential
Third Ionization Potential
Physical Properties
Density
Electrical Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Elastic Modulus
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Learn more about coefficient of thermal expansion.
Heat Properties
Other heat related physical properties:
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Specific Heat
0.75 J/gK
Learn more about specific heat.
Learn more about specific heat.
Heat of Fusion
2.334 kJ/mol
Learn more about heat of fusion.
Heat of Vaporization
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