On this page I'll provide comprehensive data for Phosphorus. I hope you profit from it.
Phosphorus Overview
Name Origin
Greek: phosphoros, (bringer of light).
Symbol
P (Phosphorus)Description
Soft white waxy phosphorescent solid, brownish-red powder or black solid.
Discovery
Discovered By: Hennig Brand
Year: 1669
Location: Germany
Sources
Found most often in phosphate rock. Pure phosphorus is obtained by heating a mixture of phosphate rock, coke, and silica to about 1450 °C.
Uses
Used in the production of fertilizers and detergents. Some is used in fireworks, safety matches, and incendiary weapons. Also some applications for it and some of its compounds which glow in the dark.
State at 20 °C
solid
Group
Group Name: Non-Metal
Group in periodic table: 5a
Period in periodic table: 3
Atomic Number
15Learn more about the atomic number.
Atomic Mass
30,973762
Learn more about the atomic mass.
Stable Isotopes
P31 percent abundance: 100%
Learn more about stable isotopes.
Radioactive Isotopes
P29-30, P32-33
Learn more about radioactive isotopes.
Atomic Structure
Crystalline Structure
Monoclinic
Learn more about crystalline structure
Shells
Electrons per energy level: 2,8,5
Learn more about electron shells
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
Learn more about electron configuration.
Abbreviated Configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Learn more about abbreviated electron configuration.
Valence Electrons
3,5
Learn more about valence electrons
Atom Size
Atomic Radius
1.23 Ã…
Learn more about atomic radius.
Covalent Radius
1.06 Ã…
Learn more about covalent radius.
Ionic Radius
.17 (+5) Ã…
Learn more about ionic radius.
Molar Volume
17.0 cm³/mol
Learn more about molar volume.
Chemical Properties
Common Oxidation States
First Ionization Energy
First Ionization Potential
Second Ionization Potential
Third Ionization Potential
Physical Properties
Density
Electrical Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Elastic Modulus
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Learn more about coefficient of thermal expansion.
Heat Properties
Other heat related physical properties:
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Specific Heat
0.77 J/gK
Learn more about specific heat.
Learn more about specific heat.
Heat of Fusion
0.657 kJ/mol
Learn more about heat of fusion.
Heat of Vaporization
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