On this page I'll provide comprehensive data for Gadolinium. I hope you profit from it.
Gadolinium Overview
Name Origin
Named after the mineral gadolinite.
Symbol
Gd (Gadolinium)Description
Soft, ductile, silvery-white metal.
Discovery
Discovered By: Jean de Marignac
Year: 1880
Location: Switzerland
Sources
Found with other rare earths in gadolinite and monazite sand.
Uses
Used in steel alloying agents and the manufacture of electronic components.
State at 20 °C
Solid
Group
Group Name: Rare Earth
Group in periodic table: 0
Period in periodic table: 6
Atomic Number
64Learn more about the atomic number.
Atomic Mass
157,25
Learn more about the atomic mass.
Stable Isotopes
Gd152 percent abundance: .2% Gd154 percent abundance: 2.18% Gd155 percent abundance: 14.8% Gd156 percent abundance: 20.47% Gd157 percent abundance: 15.65% Gd158 percent abundance: 24.84% Gd160 percent abundance: 21.86%
Learn more about stable isotopes.
Radioactive Isotopes
Gd146-151, Gd153, Gd159
Learn more about radioactive isotopes.
Atomic Structure
Crystalline Structure
Hexagonal
Learn more about crystalline structure
Shells
Electrons per energy level: 2,8,18,25,9,2
Learn more about electron shells
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4 s2 3 d10 4 p6 5 s2 4 d10 5 p6 6 s2 5 d1 4 f7
Learn more about electron configuration.
Abbreviated Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Learn more about abbreviated electron configuration.
Valence Electrons
3
Learn more about valence electrons
Atom Size
Atomic Radius
2.54 Ã…
Learn more about atomic radius.
Covalent Radius
1.61 Ã…
Learn more about covalent radius.
Ionic Radius
1.05 (+3) Ã…
Learn more about ionic radius.
Molar Volume
19.9 cm³/mol
Learn more about molar volume.
Chemical Properties
Common Oxidation States
First Ionization Energy
First Ionization Potential
Second Ionization Potential
Third Ionization Potential
Physical Properties
Density
Electrical Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Elastic Modulus
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Learn more about coefficient of thermal expansion.
Heat Properties
Other heat related physical properties:
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Specific Heat
0.23 J/gK
Learn more about specific heat.
Learn more about specific heat.
Heat of Fusion
10.050 kJ/mol
Learn more about heat of fusion.
Heat of Vaporization
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