On this page I'll provide comprehensive data for Boron. I hope you profit from it.
Boron Overview
Name Origin
From Arabic and Persian words for borax.
Symbol
B (Boron)Description
Hard, brittle, lustrous black semimetal. Exists in the earth's crust at an average proportion of about 10 parts per million.
Discovery
Discovered By: Sir H. Davy, J.L. Gay-Lussac, L.J. Thénard
Year: 1808
Location: England/France
Sources
Obtained from kernite, a kind of borax (Na2B4O7.10H2O). High purity boron is produced by electrolysis of molten potassium fluroborate and potassium chloride (KCl).
Uses
Used with titanium & tungsten to make heat resistant alloys for jets & rockets.
State at 20 °C
solid
Group
Group Name: Non-Metal
Group in periodic table: 3a
Period in periodic table: 2
Atomic Number
5Learn more about the atomic number.
Atomic Mass
10,811
Learn more about the atomic mass.
Stable Isotopes
B10 percent abundance: 19.9% B11 percent abundance: 80.1%
Learn more about stable isotopes.
Radioactive Isotopes
B8-9, B12-13
Learn more about radioactive isotopes.
Atomic Structure
Crystalline Structure
Rhombohedral
Learn more about crystalline structure
Shells
Electrons per energy level: 2,3
Learn more about electron shells
Electron Configuration
1s2 2s2 2p1
Learn more about electron configuration.
Abbreviated Configuration
[He] 2s2 2p1
Learn more about abbreviated electron configuration.
Valence Electrons
3
Learn more about valence electrons
Atom Size
Atomic Radius
1.17 Ã…
Learn more about atomic radius.
Covalent Radius
0.82 Ã…
Learn more about covalent radius.
Ionic Radius
.23 (+3) Ã…
Learn more about ionic radius.
Molar Volume
04.6 cm³/mol
Learn more about molar volume.
Chemical Properties
Common Oxidation States
First Ionization Energy
First Ionization Potential
Second Ionization Potential
Third Ionization Potential
Physical Properties
Density
Electrical Conductivity
Thermal Conductivity
Elastic Modulus
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Learn more about coefficient of thermal expansion.
Heat Properties
Other heat related physical properties:
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Specific Heat
1.02 J/gK
Learn more about specific heat.
Learn more about specific heat.
Heat of Fusion
50.20 kJ/mol
Learn more about heat of fusion.
Heat of Vaporization
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