The purpose of this article is to introduce you to some of the rules for non-destructive testing symbols (NDT Symbols). It will also talk about quality control and inspection of materials.
Symbols that are used to represent non-destructive testing are similar to welding symbols.
Overview
There are basic components, such as the reference line (1), arrow (2), tail (3). The tail is included when there is a procedure or specification.
But we also have supplementary symbols such as:
- Number of tests (4).
- Inspection symbols and abbreviations (5).
- Place (6): Field or factory.
- Inspection location (7).
- Extent of the test (8).
The different types of non-destructive tests are designated by letters or acronyms (5).
This overview follows AWS standard.
Throughout this text I will give some examples of acronyms. These may change depending on the country or client you work with.
Specification of tests
It is necessary to follow some rules regarding the location, orientation and extension of the specimen to be tested.
To specify tests on welds or other materials:
- When only a limited length needs to be inspected, the corresponding length must be placed to the right of the basic symbol.
- The specification must contain guidelines on the location, orientation and extent of the part to be tested.
- When the test is carried out over the entire length of the joint, there is no need to include the length value in the symbol, as shown in the following figure.
- When the test is carried out on less than 100% of the total length of the weld, the corresponding percentage must be placed on the right side of the basic symbol.
- To specify a certain number of tests to be conducted, the corresponding number must be placed between parentheses above or below the basic symbol, depending on the side of the joint to be tested. In the case of radiographic examination, the number in parentheses indicates the number of movies to be played at random positions.
When there is no obligation to perform the inspection on a specific side, the symbols will be positioned at the middle of the reference line, just like in the picture below:
Non-Destructive Testing symbol application
The following examples illustrate the use of non-destructive inspection symbols.
(A): Same side radiographic. All extent.
(B): Magnetic particles. Any side.
(C): Magnetic particles and dye penetrant examinations. On the other side of the arrow. All extent.
(D): Ultrasound and radiographic examinations. Same side. All extent. Visual examination on the other side of the arrow.
(E): Magnetic particle in 100mm. Other side of the arrow.
(F): Dye penetrant in 200mm. Same side of the arrow.
(G): Radiographic in 25%. Other side of the arrow.
(H): Magnetic particle in 50%. Same side of the arrow.
(I): 5 radiographic examinations. Other side of the arrow.
(J): 2 ultrasound examinations. Same side of the arrow.
(L): Magnetic particles, all around the work piece. Should follow procedure number 03. Same side.
(M): Ultrasound examinations, all around the work piece. Other side of the arrow. Should follow procedure number 254.
Combining NDT symbols with welding symbols
Example 1
1st operation: Weld the “V” chamfer on the arrow side.
2nd operation: Carry out magnetic particle testing on both sides. Entire length of the welded joint.
Example 2
1st operation: Weld of the “X” chamfer.
2nd operation: Perform ultrasound examination on both sides. Entire length of the welded joint.
Example 3
1st operation: Weld the “V” chamfer. In the opposite of the arrow.
2nd operation: Carry out visual and radiographic tests from the side of the arrow. Entire length of the welded joint.
Example 4
1st operation: Weld the “V” chamfer on the arrow side.
2nd operation: After gouging, weld the “U” chamfer on the opposite side of the arrow.
3rd operation: Perform ultrasonic testing on the opposite side of the arrow. Entire length of the welded joint.
Example 5
1st operation: Weld the “V” chamfer on the arrow side.
2nd operation: After gouging, carry out a dye penetrant inspection on the other side of the arrow. Entire length of the welded joint.
3rd operation: Weld the “U” chamfer. In the other side of the arrow.
4th operation: Do visual and radiographic inspection on the side of the arrow. Entire length of the welded joint.
Example 6
1st operation: Weld the “K” chamfer.
2nd operation: Carry out magnetic particle examination according to procedure 253. 50 mm of the welded extension. Both sides.
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Citation
When you need to include a fact or piece of information in an assignment or essay you should also include where and how you found that piece of information (NDT Symbols).
That gives credibility to your paper and it is sometimes required in higher education.
To make your life (and citation) easier just copy and paste the information below into your assignment or essay:
Luz, Gelson. NDT Symbols (Application and examples). Materials Blog. Gelsonluz.com. dd mmmm. yyyy. URL.
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